Exam #3 Topics - CS442

The exam is closed book and closed notes, but you are allowed a one page 8.5 X 11 "cheat sheet" where you can put down whatever material you wish, both sides.  Calculators are also allowed if you feel that one is necessary.  The exam topics are listed below:

IPv4

• Classful vs. Classless addressing
• Dotted decimal notation
• Reserved addresses
• Special addresses (e.g. broadcast, multicast)
• Concept of subnets, how to use a subnet mask, CIDR notation
• How routers use IP addresses
• ARP
• How ARP works
• Understand full example of what all the layers do from sending a IP message using ARP, DNS, ethernet
• Datagram header format
• Know what the different fields in an IP packet do
• IP fragmentation
• How and why packets are fragmented
• Concept of best-effort delivery

IPv6

• Purpose of IPv6
• Packet header format
• Major changes from IPv6
• Strategies on how to transition from IPv4 to IPv6

DNS

• Hierarchical naming structure
• How authority is delegated to subdomains
• Process of iterative name resolution
• Techniques to make DNS more efficient
• caching
• replication
• UDP

TCP/UDP

• Differences between UDP and TCP
• How the following transport functions are implemented:
  • Flow control
    • Window size
    • Credit allocation
  • Addressing (for multiplexing to the application layer)
  • Connection establishment and Termination (SYN, FIN)
• Needed procedures for an unreliable network layer
  • Ordered delivery
  • Retransmission strategy
  • Handling duplicate data and duplicate ACKs
  • Setting the timeout value
  • Three-way handshake for connection establishment, termination
  • Crash recovery -- half open connection if an endpoint crashes
• Fields in TCP and UDP
• TCP idea of piggybacking
• Network congestion
  • Slowstart algorithm in TCP to avoid congestion
  • Why TCP is "fair"

Other

• Define network hardware
  • brouter, switch, layer-3 switch, hub, etc.
• VLANs
  • What they are good for
  • Implemented in a switch
  • Port vs. MAC vs. IP layer VLANs (i.e. Layer 2, Layer 3, or Layer 4 VLANs)
• ATM
  • Major differences between Ethernet
  • What ATM is good for
  • Issues and solutions in using IP/Ethernet LANS over ATM (e.g. problem of ARPs)
• Security
  • What should go into a security plan
  • How to address unauthorized access
  • Different types of common threats (virus, disaster, cracker, etc.)
  • Purpose of a firewall
  • Purpose of a proxy server
• What SNMP is good for